Method and apparatus for generating a sale offer over an electronic network system

ABSTRACT

A method and apparatus are disclosed for communicating sale offers through an electronic network system. The method includes inputting a sale offer parameter for randomly generating at least one sale offer to purchase a product or service on the electronic network system at an offer price substantially less than a current value of the offered product or service in a competitive marketplace. The method further includes randomly displaying, through the electronic network system, the at least one sale offer at the offer price to a buyer in communication with the electronic network system at an unexpected period of time; and withdrawing the display of the randomly generated sale offer in response to an absence of an indication of acceptance of the randomly generated sale offer by the buyer within a predetermined period of time after displaying the randomly generated sale offer.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a division of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/609,142,filed Jun. 30, 2000 (now U.S. Pat. No. 7,263,505), and claims thebenefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/141,284, filed on Jun.30, 1999. Each of these applications is incorporated herein byreference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

I. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to electronic sale systems and relatedmethods. More particularly, the invention relates to electronic salesystems and methods in which a sale offer is communicated from a sellerto a buyer through an electronic network system or environment.

II. Description of the Related Art

The development of the Internet has brought about a profound effect onprice competition for goods and services in the global marketplace. Websites on the Internet, such as Amazon.com and CDNow.com, sell goods atprices substantially less than conventional distributors who typicallyemploy printed advertisements to attract customers. These sites havebeen able to do so by utilizing the global reach of the Internet toexpand the relevant sales market beyond the local market reached byprinted advertising methods. Moreover, the start up costs of setting upan Web site are either less than or at least comparable to the start upcosts associated with conventional sales methods. Accordingly, Web siteshave been able to transfer cost savings to the consumer in the form ofsubstantially reduced prices.

Other Web sites have also attempted to further reduces prices. Forexample, Buy.com has been able to sell software and other goods at belowcost prices by recouping the losses through advertising revenuegenerated over the site itself. Moreover, FreePC.com has allowedconsumers to receive free personal computers on the condition that theconsumers provide personal data, which could be sold to advertisers.However, many of these endeavors collapse when the cost of procuringsuch goods outweighs the advertising revenue generated.

In general, conventional buyer-seller transactions are seller-driven inthe sense that they focus on the methods or processes available to theseller. Typically, electronic sales systems involve sellers utilizingvarious electronic advertising media in order to attract potentialbuyers and, in some cases, to complete sales transactions. With anelectronic sales system it is possible to reach more potential buyersthan with other conventional sale methods (e.g., printed advertising).Electronic sales systems, however, suffer from the same drawbacks ofconventional sales methods in that the seller normally absorbs the riskand cost of advertising. That is, the advertising cost associated withthe transaction and the attendant risk that such advertising will beunsuccessful fall directly upon the seller. As a result, the offeredcost of a product will normally include not only the cost ofmanufacturing the product and the seller's anticipated profit, but alsothe cost of advertising the product. Similar problems and associatedrisk exist when a seller offers services.

Accordingly, there is a need for an improved method and apparatus foroffering goods and services, including within electronic sales systems,to reduce the risk placed on a seller. There is also a need for animproved method and apparatus for advertising goods and services, andreaching more buyers in a fast and economical fashion. Still further,there is a need to provide an improved method and apparatus forautomatically and intelligently directing sale offers to particulartypes of buyers in order to increase the likelihood of acceptance of thesale offer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention breaks the traditional structural barriersnormally existing between the marketing function and the sellingfunction of an industrial or commercial enterprise. The invention alsobreaks the division between advertising (i.e., contacts, impressions,etc.) and selling goods (i.e. video cameras, shoes, plants, etc.) orservices (i.e., airline tickets, telephone service, etc.). Further, withthe present invention, the risk placed on a seller is substantiallyreduced.

A core feature of the invention is a sale offer that is electronicallypresented to a buyer through an Web site or electronic network at asubstantially discounted price or for “free” (i.e., for free or a pricenear zero plus delivery charges-if applicable) for a very limited amountof time. That is, any registered consumer surfing a particular Web siteat a certain point in time—the “minute”—will receive a free good. Thisminute (referred to hereinafter as a Happy Minute®) will appear on arandom basis during the day, so that the consumer does not know when theHappy Minute® starts. As a result, consumers have an incentive to stayon the Web site.

Using the exemplary principles of the present invention, a substantialcost is created for the enterprise or seller. However, one shouldconsider that the invention itself creates an ever increasing buyertraffic to the Web site which is highly marketable. The potential highrevenues—whose amount will often be larger or above the seller'scost-are obtained by selling the associated buyer traffic to advertisers(i.e., through banners sales, etc.). As a result, the high costs ofselling at a price zero or near to zero is covered by the sale of anincreasing buyer traffic to an advertising space buyer.

A main distinction between the strategy of the present invention and theeconomic strategies of prior techniques for selling discounted goods orservices, such as Web sites as Buy.com, is the fact that the latter iscontinuously selling goods or services with a discount (such as a 10%discount) while, under the present invention, the goods or services are,from a buyer's perspective, randomly offered for zero or a sum near tozero and for a very limited period of time.

Under the operative point of view, the present invention allows sellersof goods and services to communicate a binding sale offer to potentialbuyers, and to prospective buyers to positively respond to such anoffer, immediately concluding a sales contract. In a preferredembodiment, the apparatus of the present invention includes a centralcontroller which transmits a binding sale offer to an Web site orelectronic network, making such an offer visible and available to anumber of prospective buyers. Prospective buyers then have thepossibility to accept the sale offer, and thus bind the correspondingseller to a contract. As indicated above, the method and apparatus ofthe present invention may be implemented through the Internet, as wellas any other type of electronic network system or environment.

With the present invention, the risk placed on a seller is substantiallyreduced. The core of the invention is a sale offer that iselectronically presented to a buyer through an Web site at asubstantially discounted price or for “free” (i.e., for free or a pricenear zero plus delivery charges-if applicable) for a very limited amountof time. The cost of such a sale offer is very high for the owner orco-owner of the Web site, who is—economically speaking—the seller or aparty who has entered into an agreement with a seller. However, becauseof the very unique nature of the sale offer of the present invention, alarge number of buyers will crowd the Web site. Such a number ofpotential buyers is highly marketable, thus generating a substantialrevenue for the owner or co-owner of the Web site.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method andapparatus for the owner of an Web site who wish to acquire a seller'smarketable traffic on their site through a particular sale offer. Thesale offer is in itself highly valuable since it serves as anadvertising tool for the offered product or service or the site itselfand provides a valid technique for communicating a binding purchaseoffer globally to many potential buyers.

In one embodiment of this invention, communication between sellers andbuyers is conducted using an electronic network and central controller.The Web site owner or co-owner who wishes to make an offer accesses thecentral controller located at a remote server. An administrator of theWeb site will create a sale offer (“SO”) by specifying the time limitwithin which a buyer can accept the offer, the subject of the good orservice to put on sale, the good's or service's price, an acceptanceform, and finally a payment identifier. Once the potential buyer hasseen the announcement of the sale offer and wishes to accept it, thepotential buyer registers to accept the sale offer. At the same time,the controller “records” that a buyer is going to complete theacceptance form and prevents the successive acceptance form(s) fromdisappearing within the previously stated time limit.

The central controller automatically sends the potential buyer a uniquetracking number and an acceptance form to complete with personal datawhile the potential buyer is online with the central controller. Afterproviding all the required statements of acceptance, the buyer transmitsto the central controller the acceptance form. In accordance with thepresent invention, the acceptance form from the buyer can be transmittedvia a World-Wide-Web (WWW) interface, electronic mail or voice mail, notexcluding futures evolutions of the communications media which canprovide “instant” or real-time communications between a seller and abuyer.

As soon as the central controller receives all the transmitted buyerdata, together with the filled out acceptance form, the controller willtransmit to the potential buyer a payment identifier together with afinal statement of acceptance to be electronically signed by the buyerand filled out with credit card data or description of the cash orpayment delivery form. After acceptance of this final form, the buyertransmits it online to the seller. The buyer and seller then becomeparties to a legally binding contract.

In accordance with an aspect of the invention, the central controllermanages the payment system between the seller and the buyer bycommunicating and transmitting, for example, credit card data to thebuyer's bank, for confirming the availability of necessary funds orcredit and the validity of the credit card used. Finally, the centralcontroller stores the payment, keeps track of it, and sends a reply tothe buyer to notify the buyer of the payment receipt.

The present invention also allows a seller to reach a large number ofremotely located buyers who normally reach a Web site and who would beinterested in the seller's goods or services, those being related to thesite's content and/or offered for a disproportionate price in comparisonto their real market value.

It is a goal of the present invention to provide a Web site owner with arobust method and system to improve the capacity of traffic to the siteand thereby improve the marketability of the site itself. In accordancewith another embodiment of the invention, an industrial or commercialenterprise, owner or co-owner of an Web site, begins to input into itssite a sale offer of goods and/or services of high quality priced atzero or nearly zero. The Web site's owner is not necessarily theproducer or provider of such goods and services. In a preferredembodiment of the invention, the price for the good is zero plusdelivery expenses or a trivial cost (e.g., one cent) plus deliveryexpenses (e.g., $52 dollars), the delivery cost being determined by thebuyer's location.

The offer is transmitted to potential buyers through an Internet or Website. Unpredictably, from the standpoint of the buyer, the offer willappear on the Web site's screen during the day. The central controller,which generates the sale offer, can also be programmed via a randomfunction, so that nobody can predict when the sale offer will appear.This unpredictability also creates a heightened level of expectationbecause the availability of such an offer is extremely short in terms oftime. That is to say, if the potential buyer does not enter theagreement process within a predetermined period of time (e.g., within aselected number of seconds, minutes, hours, weeks, etc.), the sale offerform disappears and is no longer available until a new sale offerappears. The potential buyer who starts to complete an acceptance formassociated with the offer can be safeguarded from the disappearance ofthe same acceptance form. It is only necessary that the potential buyerdoes not leave the form. However, the acceptance form and the offer maybe withdrawn if the potential buyer fails to complete the acceptanceform within a predetermined period of time (e.g., within a selectednumber of seconds, minutes, hours, weeks, etc.).

It is easily understandable that, just because of the simple fact ofoffering goods or services of high quality (i.e., a video camera, adigital tape recorder, an airline ticket, telecommunication services orother goods and services) at a price near to zero, there should be asubstantial traffic increase into the Web site which adopts the presentinvention. As a result of this traffic increase, revenue fromadvertising over the side itself will also increase. The increase inrevenue can not only fully recover the cost for the above sale, but mayrender the web site largely profitable, as well.

The seller can also decide to repeat the offer during the day, the week,month or year, but this does not substantially change the basicmechanism or features of the invention. In addition, it is not necessarythat goods or services offered be produced or provided by the offeror.Under the present invention, the offered items can serve as a support orstimulus for the purchase of the site's own different goods andservices, and for the web site's economic life cycle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of theinvention, and, together with the description, serve to explain theprinciples of the invention. In the drawings,

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a network environment forimplementing the features of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a central controller,consistent with the principles of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a seller interface,consistent with the principles of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a buyer interface,consistent with the principles of the invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a Web site's homepage before a saleoffer is transmitted from the central controller, consistent with theprinciples of the invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment of a Web site's information page abouta sale offer;

FIG. 7A illustrates one aspect of the features of an administrator pagefor use by the Web site's administrator;

FIG. 7B illustrates another aspect of the features of an administratorpage for use by the Web site's administrator;

FIG. 7C illustrates yet another aspect of the features of anadministrator page for use by the Web site's administrator;

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a sale offer announcementappearing in any one or all of the Web site's pages for viewing bypotential buyers;

FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an administrator pageshowing that the central controller has received a buyer “sign-in,”automatically assigned a tracking number, and having sent an acceptanceform.

FIG. 10 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a sale offer informationpage received by a potential buyer;

FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a personal data entryform to be completed by a potential buyer;

FIG. 12 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an administrator pageshowing that the central controller has received data from a personalentry data form and automatically having sent an acceptance form to thebuyer;

FIG. 13 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an acceptance formreceived and completed by the buyer;

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a credit card data entryform to be completed by the buyer;

FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an administrator pageshowing money transfer response data;

FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a successfully completedtransaction page received by a buyer;

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an administrator pageshowing data for a successfully completed transaction;

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a unsuccessfullycompleted transaction page received by a buyer;

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an administrator pageshowing data for an unsuccessfully completed transaction;

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a warning message on theWeb site's page, notifying a buyer that a sale offer is no longeravailable and the transaction is considered null and void;

FIG. 21 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a sale cancellationannouncement received by a potential buyer in response to clicking the“leave” button indicating that a sale offer is no longer available;

FIG. 22 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating how a potential buyerinteracts with a seller to view and accept sale offers;

FIG. 23 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating how a seller or siteadministrator inputs sale offer parameters to generate sale offers,receives buyer tracking and contract data, and completes a sale offertransaction with a buyer; and

FIG. 24 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating the processes andoperations for generating and accepting a buyer's response to saleoffers, consistent with the principles of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention described herein may be implemented as logicaloperations in a network environment (such as, for example, the Internet)including computing systems, thin clients, low-end network stationsand/or other types of terminals. The logical operations of the inventionmay be implemented through any suitable combination of hardware,software and/or firmware. For example, the features of the invention maybe implemented: (1) as a sequence of computer implemented steps runningon a computing system; and (2) as interconnected machine modules withina computing system. The implementation is a matter of choice that isdependent on the performance requirements of the computing systemimplementing the various features and aspects of the invention.Accordingly, the logical operations making up the aspects andembodiments of the invention described herein are referred to variouslyas operations, steps or modules.

In addition, the present invention relates to computer readable mediathat include program instructions for performing variouscomputer-implemented operations. The media and programming instructionsmay be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of thepresent invention, or may be of a kind well known and available to thosehaving skill in the computer software arts. Examples of computerreadable media include, but are not limited to, magnetic media, such ashard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROMdisks; magneto-optical media, such as optical disks; and hardwaredevices that are specially configured to store and perform programinstructions, such as read-only memory (ROM) and random access memory(RAM). Examples of program instructions include both machine code thatcan be produced by a compiler, and files containing higher level codethat can be executed by a computer using an interpreter.

Generally, the present invention provides a method and apparatus foroffering goods and services in an electronic network environment, suchas, for example, the Internet. According to the various features andaspects of the invention, a seller who owns, co-owns or enters into anagreement with an owner of Web site, generates sales offers for one ormore goods or services to visitors of the Web site, whereby such avisitor may accept and receive the goods or services at a deeplydiscounted price or at virtually no cost. In the context of goodsoffered by a seller, a visitor who accepts a sale offer (i.e., thebuyer) may only be required, for example, to pay 0-1 cent, with orwithout delivery charges. Services offered by a seller may also beoffered at a deeply discounted price or on virtually “free” basis. Sincethe goods or services are offered on a heavily discounted or free basis,the Web site hosting the sale offer will experience increased traffic or“hits” from visitors connected to the Internet. The sale offer,therefore, has value to the Web site owner by providing a means forincreasing traffic or hits to the Web site, thereby increasing the valueof the Web site and/or increasing e-commerce conducted through the site.The sale offer also provides value to the seller in the form of aneffective means for advertising goods or services over the Internet.

In order to increase and/or maintain the number of visitors to aWebsite, the goods or services that are offered over the Web site may beoffered at unpredictable or random times. For example, a systemadministrator may select one or more times during a specific date onwhich the sale offer is to be made on the Web site. The time(s) at whichthe sale offer is selected by the system administrator may be keptsecret from Web site visitors so as to make the offer “unpredictable”.Alternatively, a system administrator may program a central controllermodule for the Web site, such that a sale offer is provided at one ormore random times determined by the controller. The “randomness” of thesale offer will also increase and peak interest in the Web site, asvisitors link to and/or browse the Web site in anticipation of the saleoffer being displayed or communicated through the Web site.

When providing a sale offer, each sale offer may be made available toall buyers that are presently visiting the Web site and exchanginginformation with the Web server or central controller. In some cases,the capacity of the Web server or central controller may be limited sothat only a predetermined number of buyers (e.g., 200 buyers) canreceive the sale offer at any given instant. Alternatively, a limitednumber of sale offers (not necessarily restricted by the capacity of theserver or controller) may be provided to buyers visiting and exchanginginformation with the Web site when the offer is to be made. In such acase, the sale offer may expire prior to the duration or period of theoffer, if all of the predetermined sale offers have been accepted bybuyers who received the offer through the Web site. It is also possibleto target particular buyers, so that only buyers who have a certainprofile or other type of identifier that matches a predetermined profileor identifier selected by the seller can actually receive a sale offer.With such a targeted approach, the seller may target specific types ofbuyers with the sale offer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, communication betweensellers and buyers is conducted using an electronic network and centralcontroller. In a preferred embodiment, the electronic network comprisesthe Internet. Potential buyers can access the Internet through a varietyof devices, such as through a personal computer, an interactive TVdevice, a wireless phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or anyother communication device. On the other hand, the Web site owner orseller who wishes to make an offer may access a central controller,which may be implemented through a server, computing system or moduleconnected to the Internet, through a direct dial-up connection or overthe Internet though an Internet service provider, for example. Throughthe central controller, a system administrator for the seller willcreate a sale offer (“SO”) by specifying the subject of the good orservice to be placed on sale, the good's or service's price, the limitedtime period during which a buyer can accept the offer, an acceptanceform, and finally a payment identifier.

Once the potential buyer has seen the announcement of the sale offer andwishes to accept it, the buyer can register through the Web site toaccept the sale offer. At the same time, the central controller“records” that a buyer is going to complete an acceptance form andprevents the acceptance form from disappearing within the predeterminedtime limit or period.

According to an aspect of the invention, the central controller mayautomatically send the potential buyer a unique tracking number and anacceptance form to fill out with personal data while the buyer is onlinewith the central controller. After filling all the required statementsof acceptance, the buyer transmits to the central controller theacceptance form. Under the present invention, the acceptance form can betransmitted via a World-Wide-Web (WWW) interface, electronic mail orvoice mail, not excluding further or future evolutions of communicationstechnology and media, which will provide “instant” or real-timecommunication between the buyer and the seller.

As soon the controller receives all the transmitted buyer data, togetherwith the filled out acceptance form, the central controller transmitsthe potential buyer a payment identifier together with a final statementof acceptance to be electronically signed by the buyer and filled outwith credit or debit card data or a description of a cash delivery form.After acceptance of this last form, the buyer transmits it online to theseller. The buyer and seller are now parties to a legally bindingcontract.

The central controller manages the payment system between the seller andthe buyer and transmits the credit or debit card data to the buyer'sbank, for confirmation of fund availability and/or card validity.Finally, the central controller stores the payment, keeps track of it,and sends a reply to the buyer to ensure him/her of receipt of thepayment receipt.

The present invention also allows sellers to reach a large number ofremotely located buyers who normally reach an Web site and who wouldlikely be interested in goods and services, those being related to thesite's content and offered for a disproportionately priced in comparisonto their real market value. The present invention also provides a Website owner with a robust system to improve the capacity of traffic inthe site, which is highly marketable.

As discussed above, the operating environment in which the presentinvention can be used encompasses network environments (such as theInternet), wherein general purpose computers, workstations, personalcomputers, network computers, thin clients, low-end network stations,interactive TV devices, wireless phones, personal digital assistants(PDA) and other types of terminals or devices are connected throughcommunication links of various types, and wherein information objects(including applications, programs, data, images, etc.) are madeavailable by and through various members of the network environment.

Exemplary interfaces and a system architecture for implementing thevarious features and aspects of the invention, in accordance with apreferred embodiment, will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1-4.

As illustrated in the exemplary network environment of FIG. 1, thepresent invention may include a seller interface 300, a centralcontroller 200 and one or more buyer interfaces 400 (collectivelyreferred to as “nodes”). Direct connections or links may be providedbetween these nodes or communication between the nodes may befacilitated by an electronic network 100 (as shown in FIG. 1). In thelater case, each node may be connected to the Internet or anothersuitable network environment using, for example, a modem (such as sellerModem 350 or buyer Modem 450) and a public switched phone network, suchas those provided by a local or regional telephone operating company.Other type of network connections are also feasible, such as thosefacilitated by cable, satellite links, and other types of wired orwireless links. Seller interface 300 and buyer interface 400 provideinput and output gateways for communications with central controller200. One or more seller interfaces or buyer interfaces may be connectedto each central controller. Using the above-noted components, thepresent invention provides a method and apparatus to transmit a saleoffer available to all potential buyers who are connected to a Web siteadopting the features of the invention, and allow each buyer to acceptthe offer to form a legally binding contract with the seller.

As shown in FIG. 2, central controller 200 may include a centralprocessor (CPU) 205, a cryptographic processor 210 (e.g., alternativelyreferred to as an encryption processor), a RAM 215, a ROM 220, a paymentprocessor 230, a clock 235, an operating system 240, a network interface245, and data storage device 250. A conventional personal computer,computer workstation and/or server with sufficient memory and processingcapability may be used to implement the various components of centralcontroller 200. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention,central controller 200 operates as a Web server or host of the Web siteincorporating the features of the invention, both transmitting saleoffers generated by the seller and receiving acceptance forms completedby each buyer. Central controller 200 must be capable of reasonablespeed for high volume transaction processing, performing a significantnumber of mathematical calculations in processing communications anddatabase storage. A Pentium processor or higher generation of processormanufactured by Intel may be used for CPU 205, that employs, forexample, a 32-bit architecture. Comparable processors include Motorola120 MHz Power PC 604 or Sun Microsystem 1660 MHz Ultra SPARC-I, forexample. In addition, a microcontroller, such as a MC68HC16 currentlymanufactured by Motorola may be used as encryption processor 210. Thistype of microcontroller uses a 16-bit multiply-and-accumulateinstruction in the 16 MHz configuration and requires less than onesecond to perform a 512-bit RSA private key operation. Equivalentmicroprocessors or more powerful microprocessors may also be used.Cryptographer processor 210 supports the authentication ofcommunications between the seller and one or more buyers.

Referring again to FIG. 2, payment processor 230 comprises one or moreconventional microprocessors (such as an Intel Pentium) supporting thetransfer and exchange of payments, charges or debits, attendant to thefeatures of the invention. Payment processor 230 may also be configuredas part of CPU 205. Processing of, for example, credit card transactionsby payment processor 230 may be supported with commercially availablesoftware, such as the Secure Web server manufactured by Open Market Inc.This server software transmits credit card numbers electronically overthe Internet to servers located at the Open Market headquarters wherecard verification and processing is handled. The Integrated CommerceService of Open Market provides back-office services necessary to runWeb-based businesses. Services include on-line account statements,order-taking and credit card payment authorization, credit cardsettlement, automated sales tax calculations, digital receiptgeneration, account-based purchase tracking, and payment aggregation forlow-priced goods or services. Other types of credit card transactionprocessing systems, services, software and/or networks may also be usedin conjunction with the present invention.

Data storage device 250 may include hard disk magnetic or opticalstorage units, as well as CD-ROM drives or flash memory. Data storagedevice 250 contains databases used in the processing of transactions inthe present invention, including buyer database 255, seller database260, sale offer (SO) database 265, seller response database 270,purchase confirmation database 275, contract detail database 280,payment database 285, cryptographic key database 290, and audit database295. In a preferred embodiment database software, such as Oracle7,manufactured by Oracle Corporation, is used to create and manage thesedatabases. Data storage device 250 also stores information pertaining tobuyer account 297 and seller account 298.

Buyer database 255 maintains data on buyers, by providing a number offields, such as name, address, credit card number, phone number, IDnumber, social security number, electronic mail address, credit history,past system usage, public/private key information, etc. This informationis obtained when a buyer first registers with the system, completing theacceptance form for the sale offer, referred to as “SO.” Buyer database255 also contains the tracking number of each acceptance form filled outby the buyer, and the tracking number for the sale offer. Sellerdatabase 260 maintains data on sellers with fields, such as name,contact information, public/private key information, paymentpreferences, type of business, and goods or services sold. Contactinformation comprises a phone number, Web page URL, bulletin boardaddress, pager number, telephone number, electronic mail address, voicemail address, facsimile number, or any other way to contact the seller.

SO database 265 tracks all sales offers fields, such as status, trackingnumber, date, time, article, price, expiration date, conditions, andbuyer identification number. This database is valuable in the event ofdisputes between buyers and sellers regarding payment, because detailsof the contract can be produced. SO database 265 may also store bondcertificate and other related information.

Seller response database 270 tracks all sales offer and/or sellerresponses with various fields, such as seller name, seller ID number,date, time, seller response tracking number, and associated sales offertracking number.

Purchase confirmation database 275 tracks messages sent between thebuyer and seller confirming completed transactions (bound contracts).Fields include buyer name, buyer ID number, seller name, seller IDnumber, purchase confirmation tracking number, and associated sale offertracking number.

Payment database 285 tracks all payments made by buyers by means offields, such as buyer name, buyer ID number, amount of payment, andassociated sale offer tracking number. This database may also storecredit card numbers of buyers.

Cryptographic or encryption key database 290 facilitates cryptographicfunctions, storing both symmetric and asymmetric keys. These keys areused by cryptographic processor 210 for encrypting and decrypting buyercredit card number and date of expiration.

Audit database 295 stores transactional information relating to thetransmission of each sale offer, allowing it to be retrieved for lateranalysis.

Buyer account 297 tracks all information pertaining to the buyer'saccount with fields, such as buyer's name, bank and credit accountnumbers, and debit transactions.

Seller account 298 tracks all information pertaining to the seller'saccount with fields such as seller's name, bank and credit accountnumbers, and debit or credit transactions. Buyer payments for a saleoffer may be sent to this account database.

Network interface 245 is the gateway to permit central controller 200 tocommunicate with buyers and sellers through respective buyer interface400 and seller interface 300. Conventional internal or external modemsmay serve as network interface 245. Network interface 245 supportsmodems at a range of baud rates from 1200 upward, but may combine suchinputs into a T1 or T3 line if more bandwidth is required. In apreferred embodiment, network interface 245 is connected with theInternet and/or any commercial on-line service such as America Online,CompuServe, or Prodigy, allowing buyers and sellers to have access froma wide range of on-line connections. Several commercial electronic mailservers also include the above functionality. Network interface 245 maybe configured as a voice mail interface, Web site interface, BBS, orelectronic mail address.

While the above embodiment describes a single platform acting as centralcontroller 200, those skilled in the art will realize that thefunctionality can be distributed over a plurality of computers orplatforms. In one embodiment, central controller 200 is configured in adistributed architecture, wherein the databases and processors arehoused in separate units or locations. Some controllers perform theprimary processing functions and contain at a minimum RAM, ROM, and ageneral processor. Each of these controllers is attached to a WAN hubwhich serves as the primary communication link with the othercontrollers and interface devices. The WAN hub may have minimalprocessing capability itself, serving primarily as a communicationsrouter. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that an almostunlimited number of controllers may be supported. This arrangementyields a more dynamic and flexible system, less prone to catastrophichardware failures affecting the entire system. Such a trusted serverembodiment provides a distributed environment, including a server, atrusted server and a bonding agency. The hardware of these servers wouldbe configured similarly to that described for central controller 200.

FIG. 3 illustrates the features of an exemplary seller interface 300 andFIG. 4 illustrates the features of an exemplary buyer interface 400. Inan exemplary embodiment, seller interface 300 and buyer interface 400are both conventional personal computers having an input device, such asa keyboard, mouse, or conventional voice recognition software package; adisplay device, such as a video monitor; a processing device such as aCPU; and a network interface such as a modem. These devices interfacewith central controller 200, either directly or through a networkenvironment (such as the Internet).

As shown in FIG. 3, seller interface 300 includes a central processorunit (CPU) 305, a RAM 315, a ROM 320, a clock 335, a video driver 325, avideo monitor 330, a communication port 340, an operating system 390, aninput device 345, a modem 350, and a data storage device 360. A Pentiummicroprocessor, such as the 100 MHz P54C described above, may be usedfor CPU 305. Clock 335 is a standard chip-based clock which can serve totimestamp a seller response or communication produced by sellerinterface 300. Modem 350 does not necessarily require high-speed datatransfer because most seller responses or communications are text-basedand not long.

As further shown in FIG. 3, seller interface 300 also includes a datastorage device 360. Data storage device 360 includes a message database370 and audit database 380 and may be configured with a conventionalmagnetic-based hard disk storage unit, such as those manufactured byConner Peripherals. Message database 370 may be used for archivingseller responses or communications, while audit database 380 may be usedfor recording payment records and communications with central controller200 or buyer interface 400.

As shown in FIG. 4, buyer interface 400 includes a central processorunit (CPU) 405, a RAM 415, a ROM 420, a clock 435, a video driver 425, avideo monitor 430, a communication port 440, an operating system 490, aninput device 445, a modem 450, and a data storage device 460. A Pentiummicroprocessor, such as the 100 MHz P54C described above, may be usedfor CPU 405. Clock 435 is a standard chip-based clock which can serve totimestamp a buyer response or communication produced with buyerinterface 400. Modem 450 may not require high-speed data transferbecause most buyer responses or communications are text-based and notlong. Data storage device 460 includes a message database 470 and anaudit database 480, and may be configured with a conventionalmagnetic-based hard disk storage unit, such as those manufactured byConner Peripherals. Message database 470 may be used for archivingmessages or other communications, and audit database 480 may be used forrecording payment records and communication with central controller 200or seller interface 300.

There are many commercial software applications that can enable thecommunications required by seller interface 300 or buyer interface 400,the primary functionality being message creation and transmission.Eudora Pro manufactured by Qualcomm incorporated, for example, providesediting tools for the creation of messages as well as the communicationstools for routing a message to the appropriate electronic address. Whencentral controller 200 is configured as a Web server, conventionalcommunications software, such as the Netscape Navigator Web browser fromNetscape Corporation, may also be used. For example, the buyer andseller may use the Netscape Navigator browser or another type of browserto transmit or accept sale offers, seller responses, buyer response orcounteroffers (if applicable). Moreover, the buyer and seller may berequired to use proprietary software to generate or receive such saleoffers.

In general, communications relating to the sale offers take place via anelectronic network such as the Internet, with central controller 200acting as a Web server that hosts one or more Web sites. Each Web sitemay be owned by, or operated for, the benefit of a particular seller ofgoods or services. Web sites may also be provided that are owned by oroperated for the benefit of a third party. In such cases, the Web sitemay provide information related to the goods or services of the sellerand/or routinely offer the goods or services of the seller. As indicatedabove, the sale offers of the present invention are electronicallypresented on a Web site for viewing and acceptance by a buyer visitingthe site when the sale offer is made. The generation of the sale offersmay be controlled by the central controller 200 so that the offersappear at unpredictable times during the day on the Web site. Thequantity and type of goods or services that are offered may be setaccording to communications or instructions received from the seller.The seller may also designate the frequency and period of time duringwhich each sale offer is presented. Responses from buyers and/or theresults of the sale offers may be collected by the central controller200 and communicated to the seller. Communications between the buyer andseller may also be supported through the electronic network environmentof the invention to facilitate the completion of the sale of the goodsor services and/or to permit additional promotions or offers to becommunicated from the seller to the buyer.

Referring to FIGS. 5 through 21, exemplary graphical user interfaceswill be described to demonstrate the principles of the invention.Moreover, reference will be made to the exemplary flow charts of FIGS.22-24 to describe how sale offers are generated, accepted and completed.Although the embodiments of FIGS. 5-24 illustrate the manner in which asale offer may be generated and accepted for particular types of goods,the present invention is not limited to the presentation of the goodsshown or to sale offers for goods in general. Instead, the inventionalso relates to sale offers for services and may be readily adapted forgenerating sale offers for any type of service offered by a seller.

FIG. 24 is an exemplary flow chart illustrating the features andoperations for generating and accepting sale offers, in accordance withthe principles of the present invention. Generally, as shown in FIG. 24,the process begins by the central controller monitoring the parametersthat define when and how the sale offer is generated on the Web site(S.210). As disclosed herein, these parameters may include the frequencyand duration during which the sale offer is to be presented on the Website during a given day. For example the sale offer generationparameters may define the specific time(s) when the sale offer is to bepresented, or they may simply indicate the number of offers to bepresented per day, with the exact time for generating each offer beingrandomly selected by the central controller. The sale offer generationparameters may also indicate how long each sale offer is to be presentedon the Web site and whether to terminate the sale offer if a potentialbuyer does not provide sufficient data or does not confirm acceptance ofthe sale offer within a predetermined time period. Other parametersconcerning each sale offer may also be stored and monitored by thecentral controller, including the quantity and/or type of goods to beoffered, and the price (if any) and sale terms for the offer.

While monitoring the sale offer generation parameters, the centralcontroller determines when it is time to present the sale offer on theWeb site (S.220). If the central controller determines that it is timeto present the sale offer (S.220; Yes), then the sale offer iselectronically presented on the Web site according to the parameters(S.230). As indicated above, the time to generate the sale offer may bepredefined by the sale offer generation parameters or randomly triggeredby, for example, an internal clock of the central controller. When it istime to present a sale offer, the central controller may alter thedisplayed content on the Web site such that the terms of the sale offerappear in a separate pop-up screen or window, or a banner area on theWeb site. If, however, the central controller determines that it is nottime to present the sale offer (S.220; No), then the sale offer is notgenerated and the central controller continues to monitor the sale offergeneration parameters (S.210).

After presenting the sale offer on the Web site (S.220), the centralcontroller will monitor which users that are connected to the Web sitehave responded to the sale offer and requested to sign-in for moreinformation on the offer. In other words, the central controller willdetermine when a potential buyer has decided to sign-in for the saleoffer (S.240). When there is a sign-in by a potential buyer (S.240;Yes), the central controller will then request contract and payment datafrom the potential buyer (S.250). The contract data may include the nameand address of the potential buyer. The payment data may include paymentterms or instructions, such as credit card information or confirmationof cash payment on delivery. The request for the contract and paymentdata may be displayed through one or more windows or pop-up screens onthe Web site. These windows or screens may also include more detailconcerning the goods or services offered, as well as the specific termsof the sale offer. In addition, these windows or screens may request thepotential buyer to confirm acceptance of the sale offer and, thus, forma legally binding contract with the seller.

In response to the request from the central controller, the potentialbuyer may provide the requested data and confirm acceptance of the saleoffer through their interface to the electronic network environment. Thecentral controller will then receive the requested data and confirmationfrom the buyer (S.260). This information may be stored and/or verifiedby the central controller in order to complete the sale offertransaction with the buyer (S.270). For example, the central controllermay verify that all of the necessary data (such as name, address, etc.)and the confirmation of the acceptance was collected by the buyer. Thecentral controller may also verify the payment terms or instructions(such as a valid credit card number) before completing the transactionwith the buyer. If all necessary is verified by the central controller,then the confirmation may be sent to the buyer with, for example, atracking or reference number in order to complete the transaction. Thecentral controller may also post or issue a purchase and delivery orderwith the buyer's data, so that the purchased goods are delivered in atimely fashion by one or more agents.

In the event that the potential buyer does not accept the terms of thesale offer or fails to provide the requested data and confirmation tothe central controller, then the sign-in process with the potentialbuyer may be terminated. For this purpose, the potential buyer may begiven the option to leave the sign-in process by entering an appropriateresponse (e.g., clicking a designated icon on the screen). The exemplaryprocess described in the flow chart of FIG. 24 may also be modified topermit termination of the sign-in process with the potential buyer ifother conditions are present. For example, the sign-in process may beterminated if improper data is entered by the potential buyer or if thedata entered by the buyer can not be verified (such as an unconfirmedcredit card number).

Referring again to FIG. 24, the central controller monitors and respondsto each potential buyer that has decided to sign-in for the sale offer(S.240). Since the sale offer of the present invention is preferablydisplayed for only a limited time, the central controller may alsomonitor and determine when to terminate the sale offer (S.280). Thisdetermination may be performed by the central controller based on thestored, sale offer parameters. A sale offer may be terminated or removedfrom the Web site when, for example, the defined time duration for theoffer has expired. A sale offer may also be terminated if the quantityof goods to be offered has been depleted (i.e., all of the inventory ofavailable goods has been purchased by buyers).

If the central controller determines that sale offer should beterminated (S.280; Yes), then the sale offer is removed from the Website by central controller (S.290). During this step, the centralcontroller may update the content on the Web site to replace orredisplay content (such as banner ads or other portions of the Web site)that were displaced by the sale offer. After removing the sale offer,the central controller may analyze the results of the sale offer andcommunicate the same to the seller or Web site owner (S.300). Theseresults may indicate, for example, the response level to the sale offerand general information about the buyers that responded to the offer.

In accordance with the principles of the invention, FIG. 22 is anexemplary flow chart that illustrates how a potential buyer interactswith the central controller or seller to view and accept sale offers. Inparticular, as shown in FIG. 22, potential buyers may visit a particularWeb site and browse the site. The Web site may be owned by the seller ormay be owned by a third-party that provides information or regularlyoffers the goods or services of the seller. In either case, the Web site(such as that shown in FIG. 5) may contain any number of buttons oricons in the form of letters or symbols displayed on the buyerinterface. Some icons can represent a particular type of room or pagethat displays a particular category of information. For example, asshown in the embodiment of FIG. 5, icons, here depicted as “rooms”involving different categories of information may include a Kidsroom TV,a Garage TV, a Kitchen TV or a Gym TV. Although the illustratedembodiment of FIG. 5 is shown with a finite number of particular contentbased rooms, any number of different types of rooms may be utilized.Other icons, such as an icon labeled “Happy Minute®,” can be included toprovide information about the sale offer system.

In order to find out how the sale offer system operates, a potentialbuyer may simply click on a predetermined icon (such as the “HappyMinute®” or “Info” icon) to visit a sale offer information page. Asillustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 6, for example, the sale offerinformation page may include general information and describe a numberof important aspects of the sale offer system. For instance, the saleoffer information page may indicate that conditional purchase offers(i.e., sale offers) can be made at any time and at any location of theWeb site. Moreover, the sale offer information page provides importantterms of the sale offer. In particular, as illustrated in the embodimentof FIG. 6, a sale offer includes an offer to sell a product or serviceat a price of “zero,” so long as the buyer pays the cost of delivery orassociated fees. Other purchase price and/or terms of sale may also bedisplayed to potential buyers, such as the requirement that the buyermust accept a sale offer within a limited period of time. Additionally,the sale offer information page may include links or display any otherkind of information, such as a visual or audio display of the types ofproducts that will be offered and the number of products that have yetto be offered.

Referring again to FIG. 22, while the buyer is browsing the Web site, asale offer may be randomly generated and received by the buyer (S.20).As illustrated in the example of FIG. 8, the sale offer may appear as apop-up window and include basic information concerning the sale offer(e.g., the particular product or service being offered, basic terms ofthe offer, etc.). The pop-up screen containing the sale offer may alsoinclude icons to permit the buyer to “Sign-in” and accept the offer, or“Leave,” thereby rejecting the offer. If the buyer rejects the offer,then a notice (such as that shown in FIG. 21) may be provided to thebuyer to provide notification of the canceled sale offer (S.90).Thereafter, the buyer may continue to further browse the Web site(S.10), go to another Web site, or terminate the current browsersession.

As further shown in FIG. 22, if the buyer decides to accept the offerand sign-in, then another pop-up screen may be provided (such as thatshown in FIG. 10) to provide more detailed information concerning thesale offer (S.30). After reviewing and further considering the saleoffer, the buyer may be given another opportunity to accept or rejectthe sale offer. If the buyer rejects the offer, then a notice (such asthat shown in FIG. 21) may be provided to provide notification of thecanceled sale offer (S.90). Otherwise, if the buyer decides to continuewith the sign-in process, then an electronic request form (such as thatshown in FIG. 11) may be displayed to request basic contract data,including the name and address of the buyer (S.40). At this point, thebuyer may again be given the opportunity to continue with the sign-inprocess (S.50) or to reject the offer and receive a notice of thecanceled sale offer (S.90).

If the buyer enters all of the requested contract data and continueswith the sign-in process, then an acceptance form (such as that shown inFIG. 13) may be displayed to the buyer (S.50). The acceptance formpreferably displays a tracking number that is generated for eachtransaction with the buyer. The tracking number can be used by the buyerin the future when contacting the site administrator or seller withquestions regarding, for example, the contract or delivery of goods. Asillustrated in FIG. 13, the acceptance form may also include or displaythe type of product or service to be accepted, and the cost of thetransaction including, for example, the delivery, or other cost to bepaid by the buyer. Moreover, the acceptance form may indicate, inunambiguous terms, that the buyer accepts each and every one of theterms of the transaction. In order to accept the displayed terms of theoffer, the buyer may be requested to confirm acceptance of the terms byselecting a predetermined icon (such as an icon labeled “Accept” or “IACCEPT”). Alternatively, the acceptance form could include an iconautomatically labeled with the buyer's entered name that must beselected by the buyer to accept the offer. On the other hand, the buyercould still decline to accept the offer by selecting anotherpredetermined icon (such as an icon labeled “Leave” or “I DECLINE”).

As shown in FIG. 22, if the buyer continues with the sign-in process andconfirms acceptance, then the process continues and the buyer isprovided with a payment request form (S.60). The payment request formdisplayed to the buyer may be a credit card data entry form, such asthat illustrated in FIG. 14. With such a form, each buyer who pays bycredit or debit card can enter payment data, such as the credit cardaccount number, account limit, name of issuing institution andexpiration date. Alternatively, any other payment method and requestform may be utilized.

The payment information received from the buyer may be analyzed by thecentral controller before the sale is completed. For example, thecentral controller may contact a payment source, such as a bank or acredit card issuer, to confirm that the payment information is valid andthat the appropriate amount of credit funds is available. If the paymentinformation provided by the buyer is valid, then the central controllermay establish a buyer account with a record of the money transferredfrom the buyer. The central controller also notifies the buyer of thesuccessful completion of the money transfer (S.70) by generating aconfirmation screen on the Web site (such as the illustrated embodimentof FIG. 16). Thereafter, the central controller completes the sale offertransaction with the buyer by delivering or shipping the agreed uponproduct to the buyer's address (S.80). If, however, the paymentinformation provided by the buyer is invalid, the central controllerwill automatically notify the buyer of the unsuccessful completion ofthe payment process (S.65). Preferably, a message screen is displayed onthe Web site (such as that illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 18) toinform the buyer that the payment process has not been completed. Thismessage screen may indicate the cause of the incomplete payment process(such as exceeding the amount of available credit, a shortage of fundsor an invalid credit card number) and provide the buyer with the optionto make payment (if any) upon receipt of the product or service (S.75).Other alternative payment methods may also be displayed.

In the event that the buyer is given an option to use an alternativepayment method (S.75), the buyer may indicate their selection tocontinue or terminate the sale offer transaction. For example, in orderto select a particular payment option (such as payment upon delivery),the buyer need only select a predetermined icon (such as an icon labeled“Yes”) in response to the inquiry. In response to the buyer's decisionto accept the alternative payment method, the sale offer transaction maybe completed as normal (S.80). If, however, the buyer does not select analternative payment method and decides to reject the sale offer (byselecting an icon labeled “No” or “Leave”), then the central controllerterminates the sale offer transaction with the buyer. In such a case,the buyer may receive a warning message (such as that illustrated inFIG. 21) of the cancellation of the sale offer or, if the time periodfor the sale offer has expired, the buyer may receive a message (such asthat illustrated on FIG. 20) that the sale offer was terminated. Eitherthe warning message or the cancellation announcement informs theunsuccessful buyer that the transaction has been interrupted and theconditional sale offer is no longer available and will not be repeated.At this point, the transaction is considered null and void, with theconditional offer being rescinded by the seller.

Various modifications may be made to the embodiment shown in FIG. 22.For example, alternative warning messages or information screens, thatprovide other types of helpful information to the user or potentialbuyer may also be displayed by the central controller. For example, abuyer may be informed that the offer is not rescinded unless aparticular payment option is selected within a stated amount of time.The buyer may also be made aware of the time remaining to accept a saleoffer. Moreover, the amount of remaining products or services (ifapplicable) may also be displayed to the buyer. Additionally,information about successful buyer transactions may be displayed to theunsuccessful buyer.

FIG. 23 is an exemplary flow chart that illustrates the various featuresand operations that are performed by the seller or Web site owner(herein referred to as the “site administrator”) for generating andcompleting sale offer transactions with buyers. As illustrated in FIG.23, the site administrator may log on to the central controller (stepS.110) to access one or more administrator pages during any stage of asale offer transaction. The administrator pages may be displayed on thesite administrator's interface and be used to control the operation ofthe sale offer system and the features of the sale offer. To access theadministrator pages, the site administrator may log on to the centralcontroller through a local connection or over the network system from aremote location (such as the seller interface). With the administratorpages, such as that shown in FIGS. 7A-7C, the site administrator maymanually program or select the number of people that will receive a saleoffer during any period of time. Moreover, the site administrator mayselect the type or number of products or services to be offered, theamount of the purchase price of the product or service, and the durationof the conditional offer or sale offer. The site administrator may alsodetermine the kind of data needed to be received from the buyer in orderto consummate the sale.

The administrator pages of the present invention may also be used toprovide information to the buyer or site administrator. For example, asfurther described herein, the central controller may be automatically ormanually programmed by the site administrator to provide the buyer withinformation about the Web site and/or the sale offer. The administratorpages may also receive and display information from the centralcontroller and inform the site administrator of various operationalcharacteristics related to the sale offer system, such as the number ofpeople visiting the Web site or the number of people that can receivethe sale offer at any given point in time.

Referring again to FIG. 23, after the site administrator has accessedthe central controller and administrator pages (S.110), various tasksmay be performed by the site administrator. For example, the siteadministrator may manually program one or more of the features of thesale offer by entering general or detailed sale offer parameters (S.120;S.130). For example, if an administrator page such as that shown in FIG.7A is provided, the site administrator may manually enter and programgeneral parameters relating to the sale offer (S.120), such as the typeof product or service to be provided, the image to be displayed with theoffer and the pricing or purchasing terms for the goods or services(e.g., “0 cent+delivering fees” or “1 cent+delivering fees”). Othergeneral parameters related to the sale offer may also be entered by thesite administrator, such the time or manner in which the sale offer isgenerated. For instance, an automatic or manual programming option maybe selected (see FIG. 7A) to indicate the time period (e.g., between astart date and an ending date) during which the generation of the saleoffers is to be automatically or manually programmed.

The site administrator may also manually enter and program detailedparameters relating to the sale offer (S.130). For example, if anadministrator page such as that illustrated in FIG. 7B is provided, thesite administrator may enter the specific location and timing forgenerating the sale offers. Since sale offers may be displayed on anypage or room of the Web site, the site administrator may specify aparticular room location for generating the sale offers or program thecentral controller to generate the sale offer in any randomly selectednumber of room locations. The site administrator may also program thecentral controller so that the sale offers are generated at randomlyselected times or a predetermined frequency over a defined time period.

Access to the central controller and administrator pages can also permitthe site administrator to input or receive user access control data(S.140). For example, with an administrator page, such as the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 7C, the site administrator may receive a report onthe status of the Web site at any given moment, including the number ofusers connected to the site, the number of available products orservices to provide through the sale offers, whether a buyer trackingfunction status is active or nonactive, and the number of activetracking functions. The information provided to the site administratorcould also indicate the number of people who are eligible to receive aconditional offer (as described hereinbelow) or sale offer. Preferably,the information provided to the site administrator is updated anddisplayed in real time. However, other embodiments may includedisplaying various types of statistical data, based on data collectedfor selected time periods or any other type of variable such as thenumber of Web site “hits” during a particular pattern of sale offers. Inaddition, information provided to the site administrator may indicatethe amount of remaining time each potential buyers has to respond to aparticular sale offer, or the particular room in which particular usersare visiting. Moreover, the information displayed could allow theadministrator to profile particular Web site users and match suitabletypes of sale offers accordingly. For example, a product or service foruse in the kitchen could be conditionally offered to a user who isvisiting, has visited, and/or will likely visit the Kitchen TV room. Ingeneral, the present invention may involve conditionally offeringproducts that are specifically related to the content of the Web site orthe room itself.

In accordance with the invention, each conditional offer or sale offermay be made available to all buyers that are currently visiting the Website or are in any way exchanging information with the Web server orcentral controller. Thus, buyers who are viewing information from theWeb site in an off-line browsing or cached browsing mode will notreceive or be able to view the sale offer. Further, in some cases thecapacity of the Web server or central controller may be limited so thatonly a predetermined number of buyers (e.g., 200 buyers) can receive thesale offer at any given time. Alternatively, a limited number of saleoffers (not necessarily restricted by the capacity of the server orcontroller but selected by the seller) may be provided to buyersvisiting and exchanging information with the Web site when the offer isto be made. In such a case, the sale offer may expire prior to theduration or period of the offer, if all of the predetermined sale offershave been accepted by buyers who received the offer through the Website.

It is also possible to target particular buyers, so that only buyers whohave a certain profile or other type of identifier that matches apredetermined profile, characteristic, or identifier selected by theseller can actually receive the sale offer. This type of targeting canbe accomplished by means of setting additional parameters associatedwith the generation of sale offers. With such a targeted approach, theseller or site administrator may target specific types of buyers withthe sale offer. The profile of each buyer may be determined by thecentral controller based on historical and/or statistical data ofvisitations to the Web site (or other Web sites) by the buyer or arelated buyer group. Alternatively, the profile of a buyer may bedetermined by the central controller by searching and gatheringinformation from one or more internal or external databases.

According to the sale offer parameters entered by the siteadministrator, the central controller will generate the sale offer atone or more locations in the Web site. As discussed above, a pop-upscreen or window may be generated (see, e.g., FIG. 8) to notifypotential buyers visiting the Web site of the sale offer. In essence,each Web site visitor will be given a choice between accepting the offer(subject to certain conditions) or rejecting the offer. As shown in FIG.8, to preliminarily accept the offer, the potential buyer must select anicon labeled “Sign-In.” To decline the offer, the potential buyer mayselect an icon labeled “Leave” or fail to accept the offer within thepredetermined period of time set by the site administrator. For allpotential buyers that sign-in, tracking data may be collected by thecentral controller and provided to the site administrator (S.145). Thetracking data for each buyer, which can be presented to the siteadministrator though an additional administrator page (see, for example,FIG. 9), may include a log of the actions performed by the potentialbuyer (for example, “potential buyer signed”) and the tracking numberassigned by the central controller (for example, “12345uuyrt8954”). Inoperation, the central controller may automatically assign a uniquetracking number for each sale offer transaction with a buyer. Inaddition, the central controller may time-stamp the preliminarilyaccepted offer from the buyer, and then store the time-stamped data forpurposes of record keeping.

When a potential buyer decides to sign-in, the central controller causesa sale offer information page to be served up and displayed to thebuyer. The information page (see, e.g., FIG. 10) may provide moredetailed and helpful information regarding the sale offer, such as thetype of product or service offered, as well as the terms of the offer.If a potential buyer decides to continue with the sign-in process, oneor more contract data entry forms and acceptance forms may be displayedto request contract data (such as name, address etc.) and confirmationof the acceptance of the sale offer by the buyer. The data entry formspreferably comply with relevant contract law principles and, as such,constitutes an electronic contract with a number of particular blanks tobe intentionally filled out or completed by the buyer. This informationmay be provided to the potential buyer to indicate the purpose of theforms and confirmation. Additionally, the potential buyer may beinformed that such information could be treated adequately and inaccordance with relevant privacy guidelines, such as set forth in theEuropean Data Directive or other applicable law.

As further shown in FIG. 23, any contract data or confirmation enteredby the potential buyer may be received and viewed by the siteadministrator (S.150). For this purpose, an administrator page may beprovided (such as shown in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12) toindicate to the administrator the contract data and confirmation thatwas received by the central controller from the potential buyer. Duringthe sign-in transaction, the potential buyer may decline to accept theoffer simply by pressing a predetermined icon (such as an icon labeled“Leave”). If the potential buyer leaves the sign-in process beforeproviding all of the requested contract data, then central processorregisters the leave selection and informs the potential buyer that thetransaction has been closed and that the offer is no longer available.In such cases, the site administrator is also informed whenever apotential buyer user has terminated the sign-in process or declined toaccept the offer (S.155).

If the potential buyer provides all of the necessary contract data andconfirms acceptance of the contract terms, then the central controllerreceives and communicates the buyer's acceptance of the sale offer tothe seller or administrator viewing through another administrator page.Next, a credit card data entry form is served up by the centralcontroller and displayed on the buyer interface. In a preferredembodiment of the invention, the payment process begins when the buyercompletes the credit card data entry form and selects the icon labeled“Send.” The buyer who pays by credit card, preferably enters paymentdata such as the credit card account number, account limit, name ofissuing institution and expiration date. Alternatively, any otherpayment method may be utilized. When the requested payment informationis to be sent from the buyer, the central controller may perform anencryption operation by using any known encrypting protocol on theentered payment data. Such encryption protocols not only enhance theability to authenticate the sender of a message, but also serve toverify the integrity of the message itself, proving that it has not beenaltered during transmission. Such techniques are referred to hereingenerally as cryptographic assurance methods, and will include the useof both symmetric and asymmetric keys as well as digital signatures andhash algorithms. The practice of using cryptographic protocols to ensurethe authenticity of senders as well as the integrity of messages is wellknown in the art and need not be described here in detail. Forreference, one of ordinary skill in the art may refer to Bruce Schneier,Applied Cryptography, Protocols, Algorithms, And Source Code In C, (2dEd, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1996).

In order to verify the payment information received from the buyer, thecentral controller may contact a payment source, such as a bank or acredit card issuer, to confirm that the payment information is valid andthat the credit amount or appropriate funds are available. Accordingly,a buyer is prevented from using a credit card with an exceeded creditlimit, or a debit card with insufficient funds to establish a buyeraccount. During this verification process, the central controller maygenerate and display money transfer response data for viewing by thesite administrator (S160). Through an administrator page (see, e.g., theembodiment of FIG. 15), the site administrator may monitor the progressand status of the money transfer attempted by the central controller. Ifthe money transfer is successful, then the central controller mayautomatically establish a buyer account and notify the buyer of thesuccessful transaction. In addition, a notification of the transactionmay be provided to the site administrator through an administrator page(S.170). Thereafter, the central controller completes the saletransaction by generating a delivery request so that the purchased goodsor services will be timely delivered to the buyer. The delivery requestmay be automatically generated and sent by the central controller, oreach delivery request from the central controller may be reviewed andconfirmed by the site administrator before it is sent to an agent of theseller for processing. For this purpose, each delivery request may bereceived and viewed by the site administrator through an administratorpage (see, e.g., the embodiment of FIG. 17) before the delivery requestis sent (S.180). Any completed sale offer tracking data may also beprovided and viewed by the site administrator (S.190). This may beperformed after the limited period for the sale offer has terminated, sothat the site administrator can review the results of the sale offer andthe number of sale transactions that were successfully completed.

Referring again to FIG. 23, if the attempt to transfer money fails(e.g., due to an invalid credit card number, exceed credit limit, orinsufficient funds), then the buyer is informed of the failedtransaction. The central controller may also provide notice of thefailed money transaction to the site administrator (S.165). Once again,an administrator page may be provided to provide such information to thesite administrator. Preferably, the notification to the buyer informsthe buyer of the cause of the incomplete payment process and providesthe buyer with the option of choosing one or more alternative paymentmethods, such as cash payment upon delivery. If the buyer refuses toselect an alternative payment method within a predetermined period oftime, then the central controller may display a warning or salecancellation message to indicate to the buyer that the conditional offeris no longer available and has been rescinded.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from consideration of the specification and practice of theinvention disclosed herein. For example, each Web site may host saleoffer(s) from one or more different sellers (that are related orunrelated parties). In addition, a special room or page may be providedindicating the group of goods or services from which sale offers will bemade, and/or the day, week or month when such sale offers can beexpected to be offered. Such an arrangement will permit buyers to viewthe types of goods or services that will be made available and,optionally, to anticipate or know the day, week or month or othergeneral time period during which such goods and services will be offeredthrough the Web site.

Additional alterations and modifications of the present invention willbe comprehended by a person skilled in the art after having read theforegoing description. Thus, it is intended that the specification andexamples be considered as exemplary only and it should be understoodthat the invention is not limited to the illustrative examples in thisspecification. Rather, the invention is intended to cover allmodifications and variations that come within the scope of the followingclaims and their equivalents.

1. A method for communicating sale offers through an electronic networksystem, the method comprising: inputting a sale offer parameter forrandomly generating at least one sale offer to purchase a product orservice on the electronic network system at an offer price substantiallyless than a current value of the offered product or service in acompetitive marketplace; randomly displaying, through the electronicnetwork system, the at least one sale offer at the offer price to abuyer in communication with the electronic network system at anunexpected period of time; and withdrawing the display of the randomlygenerated sale offer in response to an absence of an indication ofacceptance of the randomly generated sale offer by the buyer within apredetermined period of time after displaying the randomly generatedsale offer.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein randomly displaying the atleast one sale offer includes displaying the at least one sale offer toa buyer at a plurality of alternative time periods selected by theseller and unknown to the buyer.
 3. The method of claim 1, whereinrandomly generating the at least one sale offer includes providing arandom frequency device for displaying the at least one sale offer in anunpredictable manner.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step ofrandomly generating the at least one sale offer includes displaying theat least one sale offer to a buyer over a predetermined period of timedetermined by the seller and unknown to the buyer.
 5. The method ofclaim 4, wherein randomly generating the at least one sale offerincludes displaying the at least one sale offer to a buyer selected bythe seller.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving,through the electronic network system, a first indication of acceptancefrom the buyer in response to the display of the at least one randomlygenerated sale offer; displaying at least one term associated with theat least one randomly generated sale offer in response to the firstindication of acceptance; receiving a second indication of acceptancefrom the buyer in response to the display of the at least one termassociated with the at least one randomly generated sale offer;displaying an acceptance form to the buyer in response to the secondindication of acceptance from the buyer; receiving a third indication ofacceptance from the buyer in response to the display of the acceptanceform for forming a purchase agreement concerning the offered product orservice; displaying at least one payment method option in response tothe third indication of acceptance; receiving at least one paymentmethod selection from the buyer in response to the display of the atleast one payment method option; transferring a sum corresponding to theselected payment method from the buyer to the seller; and requestingdelivery of the offered product or service to the buyer.
 7. The methodof claim 6, wherein the at least one term associated with the randomlygenerated sale offer comprises an offer price substantially equal to adelivery price associated with the sale offer transaction.
 8. The methodof claim 6, wherein the at least one payment method option comprises acredit card payment option or a cash-upon-delivery payment option. 9.The method of claim 6, further comprising withdrawing the at least onerandomly generated sale offer in the event the buyer does not indicateacceptance within a predetermined period of time after displaying the atleast one term associated with the at least one randomly generated saleoffer.
 10. The method of claim 6, further comprising withdrawing the atleast one randomly generated sale offer in the event the buyer does notindicate acceptance within a predetermined period of time afterdisplaying the acceptance form.
 11. The method of claim 6, furthercomprising withdrawing the at least one randomly generated sale offer inthe event the buyer does not indicate acceptance within a predeterminedperiod of time after displaying the at least one payment method option.12. The method of claim 6, further comprising determining if apredetermined monetary amount is available to transfer from the buyer tothe seller.
 13. An apparatus for facilitating a sale offer transactionbetween a seller and a buyer, the apparatus comprising: a random saleoffer generating device configured for randomly generating an offer topurchase a product or service on an electronic network system at anoffer price substantially less than a current value of the offeredproduct or service in a competitive marketplace; a communication deviceconfigured for communicating the randomly generated offer through theelectronic network system for a predetermined period of time to at leastone buyer; and a processing system configured for completing the sale ofthe product or service through the electronic network system in responseto an acceptance of the offer by the buyer within the predeterminedperiod of time, wherein the processing system is configured for removingthe offer from the electronic network system when the at least one buyerdoes not indicate acceptance of the offer within the predeterminedperiod of time.
 14. An apparatus for facilitating a sale offertransaction between a seller and a buyer, the apparatus comprising: aprocessing system for receiving a sale offer parameter from the sellerand randomly generating at least one sale offer to purchase a product orservice based on the sale offer parameter inputted from the seller at anoffer price substantially less than a current value of the offeredproduct or service in a competitive marketplace; and a random generationdevice configured for randomly displaying the at least one sale offer toa buyer at an unexpected period of time, wherein the processing systemis configured for withdrawing the randomly generated sale offer in theevent the buyer does not indicate acceptance of the randomly generatedsale offer within a predetermined period of time after the randomgeneration device has displayed the randomly generated sale offer. 15.The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the random generation device isconfigured for displaying the at least one sale offer to the buyer at aplurality of alternative time periods selected by the seller and unknownto the buyer.
 16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the randomgeneration device is configured for displaying the at least one saleoffer in a manner that is unpredictable to the buyer visiting theelectronic network.
 17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the randomgeneration device is configured for displaying the at least one saleoffer to a buyer over a predetermined period of time determined by theseller and unknown to the buyer.
 18. The apparatus of claim 14, whereinthe random generation device is configured for displaying the at leastone sale offer to a particular buyer visiting the electronic networksystem in a manner selected by the seller.
 19. The apparatus of claim14, wherein the processing system is configured for: receiving a firstindication of acceptance from the buyer in response to the display ofthe at least one randomly generated sale offer; displaying at least oneterm associated with the at least one randomly generated sale offer inresponse to the first indication of acceptance; receiving a secondindication of acceptance from the buyer in response to the display ofthe at least one term associated with the at least one randomlygenerated sale offer; displaying an acceptance form in response to thesecond indication of acceptance from the buyer; receiving a thirdindication of acceptance from the buyer in response to the display ofthe acceptance form for forming a purchase agreement concerning theoffered product or service; displaying at least one payment methodoption in response to the third indication of acceptance; receiving atleast one payment method selection from the buyer in response to thedisplay of the at least one payment method option; transferring a sumcorresponding to the selected payment method from the buyer to theseller; and requesting delivery of the offered product or service to thebuyer.
 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at least one termassociated with the randomly generated sale offer comprises an offerprice substantially equal to a delivery price associated with the saleoffer transaction.
 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the at leastone term associated with the randomly generated sale offer comprises anoffer price substantially equal to a discounted value less than a marketvalue of the offered product or service plus a delivery price associatedwith the sale offer transaction.
 22. The apparatus of claim 19, whereinthe at least one payment method option comprises a credit card paymentoption or a cash-upon-delivery payment option.
 23. The apparatus ofclaim 19, wherein the processing system is configured for withdrawingthe at least one randomly generated sale offer in the event the buyerdoes not indicate acceptance within a predetermined period of time afterdisplaying the at least one term associated with the at least onerandomly generated sale offer.
 24. The apparatus of claim 19, whereinthe processing system is configured for withdrawing the at least onerandomly generated sale offer in the event the buyer does not indicateacceptance within a predetermined period of time after displaying theacceptance form.
 25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processingsystem is configured for withdrawing the at least one randomly generatedsale offer in the event the buyer does not indicate acceptance within apredetermined period of time after displaying the at least one paymentmethod option.
 26. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the processingsystem is configured for determining if a predetermined monetary amountis available to transfer from the buyer to the seller.
 27. The apparatusof claim 19, wherein the processing system is configured for allowingthe seller to select one of a plurality of different frequencies fordisplaying sale offers over a predetermined period of time.
 28. Theapparatus of claim 19, wherein the processing system is configured forallowing the seller to select the number of sale offers to be displayedto a selected number of buyers during a predetermined period of time.29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the predetermined period of timeis one hour.
 30. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the predeterminedperiod of time is one minute.
 31. A method of making a sale offer from aseller to at least one buyer visiting an Internet website, comprisingthe steps of: displaying, on the web site, a sale offer of a product orservice to the at least one buyer at a random point in time unknown tothe buyer, the sale offer having an offer price substantially less thana current value of the offered product or service in a competitivemarketplace; displaying on the website, based on a predetermined periodof time, an amount of time remaining for the buyer to indicateacceptance of the sale offer; and withdrawing the displayed sale offerfrom the Internet web site when the at least one buyer does not indicateacceptance of the sale offer within the predetermined period of time.32. The method of claim 31, wherein displaying the sale offer includesgenerating a sale offer based on at least one parameter defined by theseller.
 33. The method of claim 32, wherein the at least one parametercomprises a period of time for displaying the sale offer to the at leastone buyer visiting the Internet web site.
 34. The method of claim 32,wherein the at least one parameter comprises a number of sale offers tobe made to the at least one consumer visiting the electronic networkduring a selected period of time.
 35. The method of claim 32, whereinthe at least one parameter comprises at least one location on theInternet web site for displaying the sale offer to the at least oneconsumer visiting the electronic network.
 36. The method of claim 32,wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one type of goodor service associated with the sale offer to be displayed to the atleast one buyer visiting the web site.
 37. The method of claim 32,wherein the at least one parameter comprises a number of sale offers tobe displayed during a predetermined period of time based on a number ofbuyers visiting the Internet web site.
 38. The method of claim 37,wherein the predetermined period of time is one hour.
 39. The method ofclaim 32, wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least one termassociated with the sale offer to be displayed to the at least one buyervisiting the Internet web site.
 40. The method of claim 39, wherein theat least one term comprises an offer price substantially equal to adelivery price associated with delivery of the product or service. 41.The method of claim 39, wherein the at least one term comprises an offerprice equal to a discounted value less than a market value of theproduct or service plus a delivery price associated with delivery of theproduct or service.
 42. The method of claim 31, wherein the step ofdisplaying includes displaying a sale offer for a type of product orservice that is related to the Internet web site being visited by the atleast one buyer.
 43. A system for making a sale offer from a seller toat least one buyer visiting an Internet website, the system comprising:a generating device for generating an electronic sale offer of a productor service based on at least one parameter defined by the seller, the atleast one parameter including an offer price substantially less than acurrent value of the offered product or service in a competitivemarketplace; a display device for displaying the electronic sale offerof the product or service to the at least one buyer visiting theInternet web site at a point in time unknown to the buyer, theelectronic sale offer including an indication of, based on apredetermined period of time, an amount of time remaining for the buyerto indicate acceptance of the offer; and a timing device incommunication with the generating device and the display device forwithdrawing the displayed sale offer from the Internet web site if theat least one buyer does not indicate acceptance of the offer within thepredetermined period of time.
 44. The system of 43, wherein the at leastone parameter comprises a period of time for displaying the sale offerto the at least one buyer visiting the Internet web site.
 45. The systemof claim 43, wherein the at least one parameter comprises a number ofsale offers to be made during a selected period of time.
 46. The systemof claim 43, wherein the at least one parameter comprises a type of saleoffer to be made during a selected period of time.
 47. The system ofclaim 43, wherein the at least one parameter comprises at least onelocation on the Internet web site for displaying the sale offer to theat least one buyer.
 48. The system of claim 43, wherein the at least oneparameter comprises at least one type of good or service associated withthe sale offer to be displayed to the at least one buyer visiting theInternet web site.
 49. The system of claim 43, wherein the at least oneparameter comprises a number of sale offers to be displayed during apredetermined period of time based on a number of buyers visiting theweb site.
 50. The system of claim 49, wherein the predetermined periodof time is one hour.
 51. The system of claim 43, wherein the at leastone parameter comprises at least one term associated with the sale offerto be displayed to the at least one buyer visiting the Internet website.
 52. The system of claim 51, wherein the at least one termcomprises an offer price substantially equal to a delivery priceassociated with delivery of the product or service.
 53. The system ofclaim 51, wherein the at least one term comprises an offer price equalto a discounted value less than a market value of the product or serviceplus a delivery price associated with delivery of the product orservice.
 54. The system of claim 43, wherein the generating device isconfigured for displaying a sale offer of a type of product or servicethat is related to the Internet web site being visited by the consumer.55. The method of claim 43, wherein the offer to accept a product orservice includes an offer price substantially equal to a delivery priceof the offered product or service.
 56. The method of claim 43, whereintraffic comprises a number of users visiting an Internet site during apredetermined period of time, and the generating device is configured toincrease a frequency of generating sale offers when traffic to theInternet site increases.